Printing machine



F. C. MARQUARDT PRINTING MACHINE July 10; 1945.

Filed Aug. 51, 1945 12 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY July 10, 1945.

F. c. ,MARQUARDT PRINTING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 51, 1945INVENTOR; -/7?,4/wr QAI/W z/ARDT BY ATTORNEY.

July 10, 1945. c; MARQUARDT PRINTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 51, 1945 12Sheets-Sheet 3 w. iillllllllll'llwvlllfll uf l O llll ini n u INVENTOR.fir/wk cfzwwqmnwr A TTORNE Y.

y 0, 1945' F. c. MARQUARDT 2,380,

PRINTING MACHINE IN VEN TOR.

. ATTORNEY.

7 July 10, 1945'. F. c. MARQUARDT 2,380,322

PRINTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 51, 1943 12 Shets-Sheet 5 AIM/VA671442404007- ATTORNEY July 10,1945. F. c. MARQUARDT 2,380,322

PRINTING MACHINE v Filed Aug. 51, 194; 12 Sheets-Sheet 6 'ATTORNEY July10, 1945.

F. C. MARQUARDT' PRINTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 51, 1943' 12 Sheets-Sheet 7y 1945- F. c. MARQUARDT 2,380,322

PRINTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 31, 1943 l2 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTORfkwradhnomnpr ATTORNEY July.1 0, 1945. F. c. MARQUARDT ,3

PRINTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 31, 1943 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 a I v 2 [168 214f "flu 1 //,l

223 E 6" 190 I!! 1 i I!!! I! ATTORNEY F. c. MARQUARDT PRINTING MACHINEJuly 10, 1945.

12 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Aug. 31, 1945 INVENTOR fimA/xr 6. MmpuA/awr A i@A flTTORNEY F. c. MARQUARDT PRINTING MACHINE July 10, 1945.

Filed Aug 31, 1943 12 Shets-Sheet 11 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

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' July 10, 1945. c. MARQUARDT PRINTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 51, 1945 12Sheets-Sheet l2 NW RW A TTORNEY Patented July 10, 1945 omrso STATESPATENT omes.

PRINTING MACHINE Frank C. Marquardt, Bronx, N. Y., assignor 'to AmericanBank Note Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New YorkApplication August 31, 1943, Serial No. 500,602 (01. 91-50) 13 Claims.

This invention relates generally to printing machines and has particularreference to improvements in mechanism for supplying a printingcomposition such as waxcarbon in fluid condition to the impression facesof printing elements.

One object of the invention is to make it possible to use a printingpress of th plate cylinder type forwhat is known in the art as spotcarbon printing, although, as will be appreciated later on, theimprovements are not limited in their application to that particulartype of press. The term spot carbon printing is used broadly to coverthe application of manifolding carbon only to the desired parts ofsheets of paper making up a manifolding set as distinguished from anall-over of heating elements suitably positioned to apply the properdegrees of heat to melt the wax carbon and to keep it hot during itstransit to the pap r- Another object of th invention is to provide anovel mechanism for heating and applying the wax carbon to the printingfaces of a printing plate or similar instrumentality. It is constructedas a unit which is movable as a unit by manuallycontrolled throw-offdevices when printing is to be discontinued, and can be removed as aunit from coating. Usually, the carbon is so applied that ther will be acoating on the back of the paper which conforms generally in area,extent and location to a space or spaces on the face of the paperprovided for the writin of matter which will be reproduced by the carbonon the next sheet in the manifolding set. Usually the purpose of spotcarbon printing is to economize in the use of carbon, although there areinstances wher only a certain part of matter written on the face of aninstrument needs to be reproduced on a manifold copy to make a' record.-

The plate cylinder type of printing press has many desirablecharacteristics such as simplicity of construction and operation,coupled with the fact that it lends itself to accurate work by locatingthe imprints on successive sheets of paper with great uniformity.Further, the printing any desired number of printing faces of anydesired shapes or extents. However, the inking mechanisms heretoforeused on such printing machines are not suitable for wax carbon printingdue principally to the characteristics. of that material. It is normallya solid composition of wax, oil and coloring matter which is made fluidenough to print by heating it above its melting point or to a pointWhere it has the consistency of a fairly stiff varnish when it isapplied to the printing faces and transferred from those faces to thepaper. This, of course, involves both melt- .ing the wax carbon andkeeping it at the proper temperature until the printing is completed.

An important object of the invention is to provide a mechanism whichwill heat the wax carbon until it is of the proper consistency andmaintain it in that condition until the printing Thisis accomplished bya impression is made. novel heating apparatus which includes a set ofmanual controls for independently regulating sets plate used in platecylinder machines may readily be etched, engraved or otherwise treatedto give 25 the press for cleaning or any other purpose. All of the partsremain in position and adjustments need not be disturbed, and, after itis ready to be again placed in operation it is moved as a unit back intothe position where it applies the wax carbon to the printing faces ofthe printing plate.

Without further particularizing, the invention attains other objects:and has other advantages which will be apparent from the descriptionhereinafter contained. As will also become apparent, the inventionconsists in a novel combination and relation of parts, an illustrativeembodiment of which is shown in the drawings accompanying and forming apart of thisspecification, the novel features of the invention beingrecited in the claims appended hereto.

In the said drawings:

Fig; 1 i a side view of a printing press of the plate cylinder typeequipped with the improvements disclosed in this application.

Fig. 1a is a detail of a toggle forming a part of the throw-offmechanism for the'wax carbon s pply.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the wax carbon supply- I Fig. 6 shows parts ofa section, onthe line 6-6 of Fi 2, of the lower electrically heatedroller employed.

Fig. 7-15 an end view partly broken away apparatus shown in Fig. 6.

i 8 is a section illustrating the internal construction of-the upperheated roller.

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-901 Fig. 5 Fig. 10 showsprincipaldetails of the-construction of the plate cylinder. impressioncylinder,

of the trol of the plate cylinder throw-off mechanism,

this same control being effective to operate the throw-01f mechanism forthe carbon heating and supplying mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a section on the line l-I5 of Fig. 14.

Figs. 16 and 1'? illustrate diagrammatically layouts of printing plates.

Figs. 18 and 19 illustrate some of the many carbon spots which may beapplied by suitable construction of the printing plates.

Fig. 20 is a wiring diagram of the electrical control for the variousheating elements. 7

Fig. 21 is a diagram of the panel board for the electrical equipment Inthe drawings, the various features of the invention are shown in theform they have when applied to a plate cylinder printing press. It isconstructed to print carbon spots upon handfed sheets, the location,area and shape of the spots being determined by the, construction andposition of printing faces on a printing plate attached to the printingcylinder and cooperating with an impression cylinder. Power for drivingthe apparatus is supplied by a motor 30, Fig. l, and a. belt or chain 35driving a large pulley or sprocket 32 which is rigid with a small gear33. All. of the driven parts of the machine derive their power throughthe connections just stated.

The printing couple consists of two cylinders 34, 35, 1 and 10, betweenwhich the sheets of paper are fed, the cylinder 34 being the impressionmember of the couple, and the cylinder 35 the plate-carrying or printingmember of the couple. Sheets of paper are fed in from a feed board 36against the usual stop or gauge 31 in which position the edge isreceived by a gripper designated generally as 36, and the sheet thentravels with the-cylinder 34 until the gripping device is operated torelease it. The grippin device is of the tumbler type actuated by aspring 39 and stationary pin 46 which has been used for many years onsheet printing cylinder presses and need not be described in detail.

The machine also has the usual set of tapes 4t, 42 and 43, Fig. l, forholding the sheet against the periphery of the impression cylinder 34and then. after the gripping device has released the leading edge of thesheet, directing the sheet onto the fly 45. This fiy is old in sheetprinting machines and need not be described in detail. It is sufiicientto say that it is actuated by a chain 45 which runs over a sprocket 46rigid with the fly and a guide sprocket 4? and which is moved in onedirection by a rotary cam 48 and bell crank 49 and in the otherdirection by a return spring 52. The cam 48 is so constructed as toswing the fiy 44 on its pivot 53 once for each rotation of the cylinders34 and 35, the fly depositing the printed sheet on the table or stack 54in the usual way.

The impression cylinder 34 has its efiective up by a paper underlay 56.The rubber sheet and the paper underlay are secured in any suitable wayat one of their edges to the impression cylinder 34 and their otheredges are secured to the usual shafts 51 and 58 having squared ends toaccommodate a wrench and ratchets 6| and 62 by which tension may beapplied to insure a smooth fit of the underlay and rubber sheet on thecylinder. The usual brush 62 contributes to that effect, although itsprimary purpose is to insure that the sheets of paper are in close anduniform contact with the rubber sheet 55.

The plate cylinder 35 carries a plate 63 which is constructed to provideprinting plate faces for printing the desired carbon spots. It ispreferably. an etched zinc plate having th'e printing faces in relief,as illustrated diagrammatically at 64 in Figs. 16 and 17. In arepresentative machine the zinc plate has a thickness of about .039" andis deep-etched to a thickness of about .022" except for the printingfaces 64 which are not afiected by the etching and have the originalthickness of the plate. An underlay 65, Fig. 16,

of paper or any other suitable material is em-- struction is disclosedin U. S. Patent No. 1,374,859,

issued April 12, 1921, to the present applicant. It will be understood,of course, that in etching the printing plate it will have the printingfaces 64 repeated or duplicated upon the plate as required for printingsheets which are later to be cut up into the required blanks.

The heated carbon is applied to the printing faces of the printing plateby a roll or rollers 68. There may be a single roller extending all theway across the printing plate 63,but usually, as shown in Fig. 5, theremay be a plurality of rollers or roller sections each applying thecarbon only to a part of the printing plate. The roller or rollers 68constitute a part of the carbon heating and applying mechanism which, asbefore indicated, is a unit which can be withdrawn as a unit fromrelation with the printing plate 63 and which is operated as a unit whenit is desired to throw off the carbon mechanism during printingoperations. This throw-off mechanism will be described in detail lateron.

Whether a single roller or a plurality of shorter rollers is employed,they are attached to a shaft M which has its ends rotatably supported inslots 12 of elements 13, Figs. 2 and 5. Each of said elements has anextension 14 slidable in a boss '35 on a member 16 which can be adjustedaround a. bushing 17 in which is mounted a shaft '58 carrying a rolleriZi described in detail'later on. The member 13 may be adjusted byturning the head SI of a screw 82 which is threaded into a boss on themember 13 to raise and lower the member 13. After the adjustment of themember 13 has been made it may be secured by a set 'screw 79 extendingat an angle through the boss 80 into contact with the extension 15. Thescrews 82 are employed in levelling the roller or rollers 68horizontally so as to make the proper contact with the full width of theroller I29.

The adjustment of the rollers 68 radially with reference to the platecylinder 35 to regulate the inking pressure is effected by screws 88(Fig. 2) turning in bosses 89 on the machine framework. Each screw maybe turned up or down with reference to a slotted ear 9| integral withthe member 16. After the desired adjustment of the screws 88.has beenmade, the adjustment can be secured against disturbance by a, set screw83 extending through a slot 84 of the ear 9| and into a threaded hole inthe adjacent machine and that the adjustment including the screws.

88 is then made to regulate the inking contact of the roller 58 with theprinting plate. In describing these adjustments the parts haveoccasionally been referred to in the singular, but it will be understoodthat the adjustments are duplicated on each side of the machine. Thisconstruction is more fully disclosed in United States Patent No.1,558,108 issued October 20, 1925, to I the present applicant.

The roller or rollers 03 for applying the carbon to the printing plateare, for convenience, usually,

' ally as 92 in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. It includes spacedapart side frames 33and tie-rods 94 between which is a sheet metal tray, or pan 05 in whichI the supply of wax carbon is deposited. The sheet metal pan has a drain90 for use in emptying the pan whenever desired. Heat for melting thecarbon in the pan is supplied by a series of electric heating elements31 of the strip type which pass close to and across the bottom of thepan 95. They do not need to be shown or described in detail as they arestandard commercial units now on the market and widely used for similarpurposes. They are connected to a source of cur rent by leads opened andclosed by a switch 00, Figs. 20 and 21, and the amount of heat developedby the heaters 91 isregulated by a rheostat 99.

In normal operations the heat applied is suflicient to melt the waxcarbon in the pan and maintain it at a. temperature at which it has aconsistency approximating that of a fairly described, roller I02 turningclockwise and IN counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 3. The roller I02 isheated electrically while the roller I0! is not heated except by the hotcarbon.- Therollers I BI and I02 are so set that there is a. crevicemelted wax carbon from the pan 95 and cooper-.-

. ate mutually and with the walls of the side plates 93 to create andmaintain a, pool I03 of the melted carbon which is' above the level ofthe carbon in the pan 95 and from which pool the carbon to betransmitted to the printing plate is drawn. Advantages of the rollersIOI and I02 and the pool I03 are that the carbon is maintained at aconstant level in the pool instead of being lowered as the carbon isused; and the relatively small amount of carbon in the pool makes iteasy to control the consistency of the carbon within accurate limits byregulating, the heat supplied to the pool by the roller I02.

The rol1er I02 is attached to a hollow shaft I04 journalled in the sideplates of the font. As

shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 7, the hollow in ,the shaft is used toaccommodate a tubular heater I05 which is connected by leads I08 and I01to a pair of properly insulated commutators I08 and I09 which are incontact with brushes III and H2 connected to a source of current. Theconnection to the current source is controlled by a switch H3, Figs. 20and 21, and the amount of heat is controlled by a manually adjustablerheostat H4. The amount of heat developed in-the shaft I04 and withinthe roller I02, which is hollow, is suflicient to maintain the carbon atthe temperature it is given by the heating elements, or, of course,there may be an adjustment either way of the amount of heat to get theeffect desired.

The roller IN is likewise a hollow roller and is attached to a shaftIII; journalled in the side plates of the font. As a matter ofconvenience in ssembling, the shaft H6 and the. shaft I04 for the rollerI02 are supported in the bottoms of slots I I1 in the side plates 93 andare held against accidental disturbance by keepers H8 each having asliding tongue and groove (not shown) engagement of its edges with theedges of the slots I I1. This makes it possible to remove the rollers INand I02 without having to disassemble the whole unit. Y

Also mounted in the roller I2I previously mentioned which has a limitedpart of its periphery in contact with the wax carbon in the pool I03.

As the roll turns it will be coated with the wax carbon and the carbontransmitted to the inking roll 68. The roller I2I is hollow and containsa set of electric heater units I22. The units are of the kind known ashair-pin heaters, they being mounted or held in place by supportsI23'within the roller as shown in Fig. 8. The heaters are connected bysuitable wiring to insulated commutators I25 and I26 on the end of theshaft 18 to which roller I2I is secured, the commutators I25 and I25being enof about .010" between them. They lift the pin-is rigid with anut I41 and a threaded rod gaged respectively by brushes I21 and I28.The

shaft 18 is hollow to facilitate wiring the heaters to the commutators.The brushes are of course connected by suitable leads to a source ofcurrent supply. The connection to the current source is controlled by .aswitch -I3I, Figs. 20 and I 21, and density of the current is regulatedby a rheostat I32. The temperature produced by the heating elements I22may be controlled within -close limits so as to insure the proper degreeof fluidity of the wax carbon when it is transmitted to the ink roller68.

The amount of carbon to be transmitted to the ink roller andconsequently the thickness of the final deposit printed on the paper isregulated by an adjustable doctor blade I35, Figs; 2, 3 and 4. Thesupport for the blade includes a bar I36 having trunnions I31 journalledin the side plates of the inking mechanism and a member I38 which isdrawn by bolts I39 against the member I35 to clamp the blade I35 inposition. The adjustment for the blade with reference to the roller I2Icomprises a U-shaped member I4I rigid with each trunnion I31 and a boltI42 threaded through a lug I43 on a member I44 which is normally heldstationary in a' fixed position. By turning the bolt I42, the-U-' shapedmember and the doctor blade carrier may be adjusted on its trunniontoward or away from the roller I 2|. The member I44 is pivoted on thetrunnion I31 of the doctor blade structure and has a slot I45 engagingover a pin I46. This I40 which is screwed into a threaded hole in theside plates of the font is the frame member I49. After the doctor bladehas been assembled in position, the member I is firmly secured inposition by a thumb nut I5! threaded on the outer end of the pin I46,the thumb nut being tapered to fit into a tapered recess in the side ofthe member I. When it is desired to move the doctor blade structure forcleaning or other purposes the thumb nut I51 is loosened and the wholestructure may then be swung as a unit around the trunnion I31 by meansof the handle I52. When the unit is returned to its effective positionthe tapered end on the thumb nut will, cooperate with the tapered recessto lock the unit in correct position without any resetting or adjustingof the parts. The mechanism described and shown in the drawings foradjusting the doctor blade and holding it in adjustable position may beduplicated at both ends of the doctor blade structure, although themember E36 holding the doctor blade may be so rigid that suchduplication may not be necessary. The easily accessible adjustmentafforded by the bolt or bolts I42 makes it convenient to regulate theoperation of the doctor blade with great nicety to control the supply ofcarbon to the printing plate to print carbon spots in which the carbonis of any thickness desired.

The rollers I09, I02, I and 63 are all driven through gearing whichcauses rollers Hi2 and IM to be driven-at a speed which is lower thanthe speed of rotation of the other rollers mentioned. This gearing isshown in Figs. 5 and 9. The driving impulse comes from a gear I54 rigidwith the plate cylinder and which is driven by a gear rigid with theimpression cylinder 3 the latter gear being in mesh with and driven bythe small gear 33 previously mentioned. Meshing with the gear 556 is anidler gear I55 which drives'two other idler gears I56 and E51. The gearI51 is in mesh with a gear I 58 rigid with the heated roller I23 and thegear I58 is in turn in mesh with a gear I59 rigid with the ink roller68. Rigid with the gear 158 is a smaller gear I61 which drives a gearI62 rigid with the font roller I01. The gear IBII is about half of thediameter of the gear E62, thereby causing the roller "ii to turn atabout half of the speed the rollers i2! and 68. Rigid with the gear IE2is a small gear i635 which drives a gear ISQ rigid with the lower heatedroll N12. The speed of the rollers I01 and I02 is reduced because thelower speeds are sufficient to cause the rollers to lift the carbon fromthe supply pan 95 and maintain the pool I03 at a uniform level fromwhich the roller HI and inking roll 68 are supplied. However, there isan overflow from the pool which, due to the higher peripheral speed anddirection of rotation of the heated roller 126, will be over the top ofthe heated roller I02 and back into the font 92. The roller IM and theheated rollers I02 and I2! therefore cooperate to keep the carbon wax inconstant motion so that it cannot chill or stiffen in parts of the font,thereby contributing to uniformity of temperature and consistency of thewax in the font.

The carbon heating and applying mechanism is, as before stated, soconstructed that it may be moved as a unit relative to the platecylinder 35. The rollers of the mechanism ,are all journalled in a frameconstruction which is rigid with the carbon supply pan and the heatingunits therefor. The entire unit slides upon tracks I65 which are pivotedat I66. The entire inking unit may be slid along these tracks untilarrested by beveled stops I61 and then secured in position by bolts I68.This movement is facilitated by rollers I1I which rotate on tie rods 94of the font structure, the tracks in which the rollsrun being recessedso that there is a slight drop of the inking mechanism as a unitrelative to the tracks I65 as the stops I61 are engaged.

The tracks I65 are normally held level by a toggle mechanism hereinafterdescribed. When it is desired to remove the inking mechanism as a unit,the bolts I 68 are removed and the entire unit, including the supply panand all the rollers, may be then slid out or removed entirely to a tableor stand. It may then be cleaned or simply left out of normal positionwithout any change of the adjustments of the various parts so that whenit is restored to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, normalprinting may be resumed without difficulty.

When the'carbonizing or inking unit is moved out as just described, thegears i558 and, I51 may become disengaged. In order to facilitateremeshing these gears, the shaft M6 to which the roller IIlI is attachedis provided with a handwheel Ilii, Fig. 1, which can be operated to setthe gear I 58 so that it will mesh properly with the gear I51. Thehand-wheel I'lil may also be used to turn all of the rollers in theinking or carbonizing unit when the rollers are being be moved out ofprinting relation with the impression cylinder whenever desired. Thismechanism is shown in Patent No. 1,789,420, issued January 20, 1931, toPeter Aitchison. It comprises a cam I1I (Figs. 1 and 11) secured to theshaft H2 to which the plate cylinder 35 is attached, this cam operatinga lever 13 pivoted at I14 to reciprocate a link I15, a roller on thelever 113 being held against the cam by a spring 115a, The link I15 issupported at an intermediate point by a rod I16 passing through a lugI11 pivoted in a boss I18 projecting from link 815. Springs I19 and I190(see also Fig. 14) on the rod 516 cooperate with collars I80 on the rodand with the lug I11 to hold the link H15 in the position at which it isshown in the figures while the press is running, the link in thisposition being given an idle movement by the cam I12.

The rod I16 extends from a link I81 (Fig. 1) having its upper endpivoted at I82 to a member I83 which is in turn pivoted on a bracket ittmounted on the main side frame of the press. Rigid with the member I83is a manually operable handle I85 which may be used to swing the memberI83 over top center from the position in which it is shown in Figs. 1and 14 and under bottom center until a stop I86 0n the member This willstrikes the lower edge of the link Isl. thrust the link I8I and itssprings and spring rod I16 downward and will swing the link I15correspondingly so that reciprocation of the link I15 will becomeeffective to operate the plate cylinder throw-off mechanism.

The shaft I12 to which the plate cylinder is attached is rotatablymounted in blocks or checks I81, Fig. 12, which are mounted forslidingmovement in a housing I88 secured to the machine frame. When theplate cylinder is in cooperative relation with the pressure cylinder thechocks -I81'are held in the determined relation by cams I89 on shafts I90 against the tension of springs I91. Whenthe plate cylinder is to bethrown off,, the shafts I88 and the cams thereon are turned to relievethe springs I9I whereupon the springs will slide the chocks I01 to carrythe plate cylinder out of printing relation with th pressure cylinder.

The positions of the cams I89 and consequently the relation of the platecylinder to the pressure cylinder is controlled by the manually operablehandle.l85, Figs. 1 and-l4, and the parts connected thereto. When thehandle is in position in which it is shown in the drawings theconnection between the link IBI and the ele-. ment I83 is a trifle pastcenter so that the handle and the assembly will remain in the positionshown during the idle reciprocation of the link I15, but when the handleis turned (clockwise, as viewed in Fig. 14) I until the stop I85'engagesthe edge of the link I6I, the upper end of the link I15 will bedepressed. The handle I85 and connections are held in either of the twopositions by tensioning one or the other of the two springs I19 and H911as hereinafter explained. In its depressed position an upward thrust ofthe link I15 will actuate connections to turn the cams I 89, therebyfreeing the springs I9I to move the plate cylinder away from thepressure cylinder."

The connections for doing this include a pair of rollers I92 and I 96(Figs. 14 and 15) mounted on studs I94 and I95 secured in a plate I96keyed on a shaft I91 extending across the machine. A plate I98 is heldby nuts I99 in position to hold the rollers I92 and I93 on the studs I94and I95. Also keyed on or attached to the shaft I91 are arms 20I and202, one at each side of the ma chine, which are pivotally connected tolinks 203 and 204 which'in turn are pivotally connected at their lowerends to arms 205 and 206 secured to the throw-01f cam shafts I90. Whenthe manually operated handle is turned as above described from theposition in which it is shown in Fig. 14, reciprocation of the link I15will cause the shoulder 201 on the link to engage the roller I93 andturn the arms 20I and 202 clockwise as viewed in Fig. 14, therebydrawing up on the their upper pivots to regulate the printing pressureof the plate cylinder relative to the pressure cylinder, the adjustmentconsisting of headed screws and lock nuts 2I8 in the brackets 2" coarepivoted, normally tend to hold the toggle past center, in which positiona stop shoulder 221, Fig.

cylinder to its ineffective position. When the handle is restored to theposition at which it is shown in the drawings, the shoulder 208 on thelink I15'will engage the roller I92 and rotate the operating with thecross bolts 2 I 6.

The plate cylinder throw-oil mechanism described is employed incontrolling a throw-off for the inking or carbonizing uni-t whereby whenthe plate cylinder is thrown out the inking mechanism will also bethrown off. The extent of movement of the inking throw-01f may be justgreat.

enough to accommodate the throw-01f movement of the plate cylinder,leaving the ink roller 56 still in inking contact with the printingplate on the cylinder, but it is preferred to have the throwofi carrythe inking roll 68 completely out of such contacting position when theplate cylinder i out of printing relation with the pressure cylinder.

The inking throw-off causes the entire inking unit to swing about thepivot I66 upon which, as Ibefore stated, the tracks I65 are mounted.Nor- -mally the entire inking unit is supported in the inking positionin which it is shown in the drawings .by a pair of toggles, one undereach of the tracks I65, Figs. 1, 1a. and 11, each toggle consisting of alink 22'I pivoted at one end to the rail I65 and having its other endpivoted at 222 between arms extending from units 223 secured to a shaft224. Springs 225 on spring rods connected at one end to the pivotalconnection between the arms 22! and 222' and guided at the other end inthe rod upon'which the tracks I65 1a, is in engagement with a fiat;surface 228, thereby holding the tracks I65 and everything supported bythem in elevated position. When the toggle is broken to allow the tracksand everything supported thereon to drop down around th pivot I66, thetoggle parts are in the position in which they are shown in Fig. 1a. Inthis position a shoulder 229 on the link 22I will be in engagement withthe fiat surface 228 between the arms on the elements 223. When thetracks or rails I65 are lifted to restore things to normal the springs225 will throw the toggle parts over center and the inking mechanismwill then be supported in operating relationship with the platecylinder.

plate throw-oil cams I89 back to the position in which they are shown,thereby moving the plate cylinder into printing relation with thepressure cylinder.

The resistance for tensioning the springs I19 and I19aon the spring rodI16 is afforded by engagementof a finger or tongue 2 on the end of thelink I15 which, during a'reciprocation of the link, rides idly againstone or the other of the rollers I92 or I93. In the position in which theparts are shown in Figs. 1 and 14, the spring I19 is under tension tohold the tongue 2 against the roller I92 and that tension also serves tohold the handle I05 and connected parts in the positions in which theyare shown in the I figures referred to.

The throw-off cams I89 for. the plate cylinder are, as before stated,attached to shafts I90. Theseare, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, shortshafts journalled in links M2 and 2I3 suspended from bosses '2 onbrackets 2I5. Mounted in the lower ends of the links-are bolts 2I6passing through elongated holes in brackets 2" attached to the machineframe. These elongated holes are to permit the adjustment of the linksaround The toggle is broken for the purpose just stated by a link 23I,Figs. 1 and 11, which is pivoted at its. upper end to the arm 206forming apart of the plate cylinder throw-oil mechanism previouslydescribed. When the link 2'04 connected to the arm 206 is drawn up byoperation of the cylinder plate throw-01f mechanism, the link 23I willlikewise be drawn up and will act through an arm 232 rigid with theshaft 224 to swing the toggle parts to the positions in which they areshown in Fig. la. This will allow the entire inking mechanism to swingon the pivot I66 and will, among other things, swing the inking roll 68well out of contact with the printing plate cylinder even though thatcylinder may have been moved out of printing relation with theimpression cylinder 34. The connections, including the links 203 and 23Iwill, when the plate cylinder is thrown in, restore the arm 232 and thetoggle parts to the positions in which they are shown in Figs. 1

and 11, and the inking roller 66 will then be in.

correct position'to apply carbon to the printing plate. Return of thetoggle mechanism to nornism independently of the plate cylinderthrowheating units 242 below the plate cylinder.

ward thrust imparted to the link 23I when the plate cylinder is thrownin will then be an idle one. The arm 232 may then be actuated by -meansof a handle 235 to straighten the toggles.

This will bring the short side of the bayonet slot in line with thelocking screw 233 and the arm 232 and the link 23I may then bereconnected.

While the heated font 92 and the heated rollers IOI, I02 and I2I heatthe carbon until it has about the proper consistency, means are providedfor applying heat to the carbon on the printing plate and to theprinting plate in order to prevent any substantial chilling of thecarbon before it is applied to the paper. This iseffected 'by electricalheating units of the strip type which extend the full width of theprinting plate. The arrangement of these heaters is best shown in Fig.10. In the construction illustrated there are five stripheaters 24Iextending across the face of the plate cylinder and three more of thestrip A hood 243 attached. tothe machine framing confines the heat fromthe strip heaters 24I and insures application of the heat to the platecylinder.

A similar shield 244 is provided for the lower set of strip heaters 242.In order to make lower strip heaters 242 accessible, they are supportedbetween arms 245 pivoted at 246 and held in the position in which theyare shown by latches 241 cooperating with pins 248 on the arm 2'45.

The heaters 24I and 242 are in the same circuit, that circuit beingcontrolled by. a switch 25I, Figs. 20 and 21, and the volume of heat iscontrolled by a manually-operated rheostat 252. As shown in the figureslast mentioned, the current for all of the heating elements is turnedon" and on by a master switch 253 and the current for the ink font 92',the heated rollers I02, I2I and. the heating units 24I and 242 for theplate cylinder may be independently turned on and off and may also beindependently regulated so as to get the proper degree of heat at eachpoint of the mechanism where heat is required.

From the foregoing it is believed to be clear that the printing plate onthe plate cylinder may be constructed to provide any desired number ofprinting faces, and that these faces may be constructed to print carbonspots of any desired ex-= tent or shape and in any desired locations onthe paper. Some of these carbon spots are illustrated at 255 and 256 ofFig. 18 and others at 251 and 258 of Fig. 19. It isalso believed to beclear that the doctor [blade I35, by its sensitive adjustment mechanismis capable of regulating the thickness of the carbon'deposits inprinting the spots according to varied requirements. The consistency ofthe carbon can be controlled and maintained by the described system forapplying and-regulating the heat at all critical points so thatuniformity and efliciency of operation are insured.

The font and roller mechanism for supplying the carbon to the printingfaces has obvious advantages, not the least of which is that the fontand the entire roller mechanism may be moved or removed as a unitwithout disturbing any of the adjustments, and that the entire font androller mechanism may be thrown off so as to prewhen printing is not tobe affected. This keeps the printing plate free of excess carbon andfurther contributes to proper operation of the apparatus.

In removing the font and all of the roller mechanism carried with it,the current connections for keeping the font and the rollers I02 and I2Imay be left on to facilitate the cleaning or the heat may be applied byoperation of the switches to the font alone or to either one of therollers. Further, the impression roller 35 may be'run while the heat isapplied by the heating elements 24I and 242 to warm up the printingplate before printing is begun, this .being done while the platecylinder is in its thrown-oil position. In movin it to this position thegears between it and the impression cylinder 34 are not disengaged, sothat the two cylinders will turn in their normal relationship eventhough there is no printing contact between them. It will be recalledthat while the plate cylinder 35 is thrown off the inking mechanism islikewise thrown off so that the printing faces on the printing platewill not be inked during this preliminary warming-up operation of theprinting plate.

While the mechanism involved has been described in considerable detail,it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the mechanism canbe changed in various respects, and it is not the intention to belimited by anything hereinabove set forth except to the extent indicatedby the claims which follow.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine of the class described, a font for containing a supplyof melted wax carbon, and a pair of oppositely driven parallel rollersmounted in close relation in the font cooperating mutually and with the.walls of the font to create and maintain a pool of wax carbon at aconstant level above the level of the wax carbon in the font.

2. In a printing machine having a rotary printing cylinder carryingprinting elements and a rotary impression cylinder cooperatingtherewith, an inking mechanism for supplying a printing composition tothe printing elements whch includes a heated font for containing a fluidsupply of said composition, a pair of oppositely driven rollers in saidfont cooperating to create and maintain a pool of said fluid compositionheld by the rollers and the walls ofthe font at a constant level abovethe level of the supply in the font, a heated supply roller mounted forrotary movement in the walls of the font and having its peripheryrotating in and liftingprinting com-.

position from said pool, an inking roller supplied with printingcomposition by contact with the supply roller and applying saidcomposition to the printing elements at each rotation of the printingcylinder, and a. doctor blade cooperating with the supply roller toregulate the amount of printing substance supplied to the inking roller.

3. In a printing machine having a rotary cylinder carrying a printingelement, a mechanism for applying a printing substance to the printingfaces of the printing element which includes a heated font forcontaining a supply of printing substance in fluid condition, a pair ofoppositely driven rollersin said font cooperating to create and maintaina pool of said substance defined by the rollers and the walls ofthefont, said pool .belng above the level of the substance in the font,a heated supply roller mounted for rotary movement in. the walls of thefont and having a part of its periphery rotating in and-drawing ventapplication of carbon to the printing plate printing substance from saidpool, an adjustable doctor blade cooperating with said heated roller toregulate the thickness of the printing substance on said roller, and aninking roller turning in contact with said heated roller to receiveprinting substance therefrom and in contact with the printing faces ofthe printing element to apply the printing substance thereto.

4. In a printing machine having a rotary printing cylinder carrying aprinting plate on its periphery, means for inking said plate comprisingan inking roller making contact with the printing faces on the printingplate, a heated supply roller for supplying printing fluid to the inkingroller, an adjustable doctor blade cooperating with the heated rollerfor regulating the amount of printing fluid supplied by said heatedroller to the inking roller, a heated font for containing a supply ofprinting fluid, a pair of oppositely driven rollers mounted in said fontand cooperating to.

transfer roller.

5. In a printing machine havinga rotary printing cylinder carryingprinting elements constructed to provide printing faces of the desiredconfiguration and a pressure cylinder cooperating with the printingcylinder, an inking roller for applying a printing material to saidprinting faces, a supply roller and a doctor blade cooperating therewithfor supplying the printing material to the inking roller in regulatedamounts, a font for containing the supply of printing material, and apair of oppositely driven rollers in the font cooperating to establishand maintain a pool of the printing material between them and above thelevel of the material in the font, the lower periphery of the supplyroller turning in and drawing printing material from said pool.

6. In a printing machine having a rotary impression cylinder and arotary plate cylinder carrying a printing plate constructed to provideprinting faces of the desired configuration cooperating with theimpression cylinder, a mechanism for applying melted wax carbon in fluidcondition to said printing faces which includes an ink roll carryingmelted wax carbon in fluid condition, a font for containing a supp y ofwax carbon, means for heating the font to raise the wax carbon to atemperature above its melting point, a heated supply roller turning incontact crating with ythe impression cylinder, a mechanism for applyingmelted wax carbon in fluid condition to said printing faces whichincludes a driven applying roller having its periphery making contactwith said faces during each rotation of the plate cylinder, a heatedsupply roller for supplying wax carbon in melted condition to theapplying roller, 'a font for containing a supply of wax carbon heatedabove its melting point, means in the font for lifting the melted waxcarbon-into contact with the periphery of the supply roll, meanscooperating with the supply roll for regulating the amount of wax carbondelivered by the supply roll to the applying roll, and

means for applying heat to the wax carbon on A the printing faces tokeep the wax carbon fluid until the printing impression is made.

'8. In a printing machine having a rotary printing cylinder'carryingprinting elements and a rotar impression cylinder cooperating therewith,an inking mechanism for applying a colored Printing composition to theprinting elements which includes a heated font for containing a fluidsupply of said composition, a pair of oppositely driven rollers in saidfont cooperating to create and maintain a pool of said compositionsupported between the rollers and the walls of the font at a constantlevel above the level of the supply in the font, one of said rollersbeing heated, a heated supply roller mounted for rotary movement in thewalls of the font and having its periphery rotating in and liftingprinting composition from said pool, an inking roller supplied withprinting composition by rolling contact with the supply roller andapplying said composition to the printing elements by rolling contacttherewith at each rotation of the printing cylinder, a doctor bladecooperating with the supply roller to regulate the supply of printingcomposition to the inking roller and printing elements, and means forapplying heat to the printingcomposition on the printing. elements tomaintain said composition in fluid condition until the printingimpression is made.

9. In a machine of the class described, a rotary printing couplenormally in printing relation, manually controlled means for moving onemember of the couple out of printing relation with the other at the endof a run of printing operations, apparatus including an inking rollernormally in position to be effective to apply hot wax carbon to theprinting member of the couple, and means controlled by the aforesaidmanually controlled means for moving the inking roller out of contactwith the printing member of the printing couple when the members of saidcouple are moved out of printing relation.

10. In a machine of the character described,a

plate cylinder carrying a printing plate and a cooperating impressioncylinder, at throw-off mech anism for moving one of said cylinders intoand out of printing relation with the other cylinder, manipulativedevices connected to and operable to control operations of thethrow-oil? mechanism,

'an inking mechanism comprising an ink roller normally held in positionto ink the printing plate at each rotation of the plate cylinder, athrow-oil mechanism for the inking mechanism operable to move the inkingroll away from the? plate cylinder, and connections to'the aforesaidmanipulativedevices for controlling operations of the inking mechanismthrow-off.

11. In a machine of the character described, a

plate cylinder carrying a printing plate and a cooperating impressioncylinder, a throw-off mechanism for moving the plate cylinder out ofprinting relation with the impression cylinder, an

inking mechanism comprising an inking roller for applying a printingcomposition to the printing plate, means normally holding the inkingmechanism in position for the inking roll to make inking contact withthe printing plate at each rotation of the plate cylinder, an inkingmechanism throw-off for operating said means to move the inkingmechanism to carry the inking roller out of inking relation with theprinting plate, manipulative devices, and connections controlled by themanipulative devices for simultaneously opcrating the plate cylinder andinking mechanism throw-offs.

12. In a machine of the class described, a printing member, means forsupplying hot wax carbon to the printing member including a, font, aninking roller and rollers mounted in and on the font for transmitting,the wax carbon from the font to the inking roller, pivoted tracks uponwhich the font is slidably supported, toggles connected to the tracksnormally holding the tracks in such position with respect to theirpivots that the inking roller will be held in inking relation with theprinting member, a manipulative device,

and connections controlled by said manipulative device for actuating thetoggles to turn said tracks on their pivots to carry the inking rollerout of inking relation with the printing member.

13. In a machine of the class described, a heated font for containing asupply of melted wax carbon, and a pair of oppositely driven parallelrollers, at least one of which is heated, mounted in close relation inthe font cooperating mutually and with the walls of the font to createand maintain a pool of melted wax carbon at a substantially constantlevel above the level of the wax carbon in the font.

FRANK C. MARQUARDT.

